On March 10, 1926, the Turin police arrested a vagrant in a cemetery. Unable to establish who the man is, nor where he comes from, the man is interned in the Collegno mental hospital. When a picture of him is published in the newspapers, a family recognizes him as Professor Giulio Canella, lost in war ten years earlier. A subsequent anonymous letter, however, identifies him as Mario Bruneri, a wanted crook. Thus begins a trial able to attract the media interest throughout Italy, dividing public opinion for decades and characterized by anthropometric investigations and measurements aimed at determining the identity of man, up to the enigmatic epilogue in Brasil. By reconstructing the story throughout the labyrinthine and daring alternation of events, with the help of judicial and medico-legal archives and with the help of archive footage of the time, The Unknown tells how a man's body became the object of conjecture and speculations which, to date, are still unsolved.
Based on a news item that became sensational in Italy in the 1930s, I want to investigate the material that this story has produced, combining it with the question at the centre of my work: the political treatment of madness. I don't want to find out if the stranger was Giulio Canella, the amnesiac, or Mario Bruneri, the impostor. Beyond the intrinsic fascination of the chronicle, this case contains within itself the premises of worrying drifts in the understanding of the notion of identity, and brings up to date what seems to have become an incontrovertible fact: an obsessive management of identity determined by codified data. By dissecting the implications of this story, I will obtain from archives the material for a film based on the words of the doctor, philosopher and partisan Georges Canguilhem: «Contrary to what they would have us believe, it is not starting from biology that we can get an idea of mankind, but, on the contrary, it is starting from a certain idea of mankind that we can use biology at its service».
Gianna Franceschini (Ricerche d'archivio)